2022 Volvo S90 Engine compartment
Topping up washer fluid
Washer fluid is used for cleaning the headlamps and windscreen. Washer fluid with antifreeze must be used when the temperature is under the freezing point.
Note
When approx. 1 litre (1 qt) of washer fluid remains in the reservoir, the message Refill washer fluid, level low appears together with the 
symbol in the driver display.
When the Refill washer fluid, level low message together with the symbol appear in the driver display, it is time to refill washer fluid
- Open the bonnet with the handle in the passenger compartment and then with the handle under the front edge of the bonnet.
- Open the washer fluid reservoir cap.Washer fluid is filled into the reservoir with the blue cap. The reservoir is used for both windscreen washer and headlamp washers. (Option/accessory.)
- Top up with washer fluid.
- Close the washer fluid reservoir cap and then close the bonnet.
Prescribed grade: Washer fluid recommended by Volvo – with frost protection during cold weather and for temperatures below freezing point.
Use Volvo genuine washer fluid or equivalent with a recommended pH of between 6 and 8, in working dilution (e.g. 1:1 with neutral water).
Volume:
- Cars with headlamp washing: 5.5 litres (5.8 qts).
- Cars without headlamp washing: 3.5 litres (3.7 qts).
Brake fluid – specifications
- Brake fluid is the medium in a hydraulic brake system that is used to transfer pressure from e.g. a brake pedal via a master brake cylinder, which in turn acts on the brake callipers.
- Prescribed grade: Volvo Original or equivalent fluid compliant with a combination of Dot 4, 5.1 and ISO 4925 class 6.
It is recommended that brake fluid is changed or filled by an authorised Volvo workshop.
Opening and closing the bonnet
The bonnet can be opened using the handle in the passenger compartment and a handle under the front edge of the bonnet. It is important to follow the instructions for closing and to check that the bonnet is fully closed if it has been open.
Open the bonnet
| 1 | Pull the handle beside the pedals to release the bonnet from its fully closed position. |
| 2 | Turn the handle under the bonnet anticlockwise to release the catch and lift the bonnet. |
Warning – bonnet not closed
Open bonnet is indicated by a warning symbol and graphic in the driver display as well as by an acoustic signal.
If the car indicates that the bonnet is open despite it being fully closed – open the bonnet and follow the instructions for closing again. Visit a workshop if the problem persists – an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.
Close the bonnet
WarningMake sure that nothing is in the way of the bonnet closing to avoid crushing damage.
- Lower the bonnet.
- When the bonnet stops against the lock catch, push the bonnet to close it completely.
- The bonnet must be audibly locked on both sides.
- Check that the bonnet has been properly locked and that it is not open slightly.
Warning
- Never drive with an open bonnet.
- Thoroughly check that the bonnet is fully closed after it has been open.
- If the car warns or indicates that the bonnet is open, or if something else suggests that it is not fully closed – stop immediately and close it firmly.
Engine compartment overview
The engine compartment contains several service-related parts.
The appearance of the engine compartment may differ depending on model and engine variant.
- Coolant expansion tank
- Reservoir for brake fluid (located on the driver’s side)
- Washer fluid filler pipe
- Central electrical unit
- Air filter
- Engine oil filler pipe
Location of warning decal for the engine compartment. The appearance of the engine compartment may differ depending on model and engine variant.
It is not intended that the decals illustrated in the owner’s manual should be exact replicas of those in the car. They are included to show their approximate appearance and locations in the car. The information that applies to your particular car can be found on the decal on the car.
Remember that the radiator fan (located at the front of the engine compartment, behind the radiator) may start or continue to operate automatically for up to approx. 6 minutes after the engine has been switched off. Always have the engine cleaned by a workshop – an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended. There is a risk of fire if the engine is hot.
Warning
- The ignition system works at a very high and hazardous voltage. The car’s electrical system must always be in ignition position 0 when work is being performed in the engine compartment.
- Do not touch the spark plugs or ignition coil when the car’s electrical system is in ignition position II or when the engine is hot.
Coolant
The coolant cools the internal combustion engine to the correct operating temperature. The surplus heat can be used to heat the passenger compartment.
Prescribed grade:
- Ready-mixed coolant approved by Volvo.
- If the concentrated coolant is used, mix it with 50% pure water. Level of cleanliness must meet Volvo’s requirements. Consult a Volvo dealer if unsure.
- In order to prevent deterioration of cooling system function, which may lead to engine malfunction among other things, it is recommended that only coolant approved by Volvo should be used.
Coolant must not be swallowed. It can cause damage to the kidneys and other organs. The product contains, among other things, ethylene glycol, inhibitor and water.
Topping up coolant
- When topping up, follow the instructions on the coolant’s packaging. Never top up with water only. The risk of freezing increases with both too little and too much coolant concentrate.
- If there are signs of leakage from the cooling system – avoid starting the car and have it towed in order not to risk engine damage. Signs of leakage can be coolant under the car, that coolant evaporates or if more than 2 litres (approx. 2 quarts) is needed when topping up.
Warning
- The coolant can be very hot when the engine has been running. Always allow the coolant to cool before unscrewing the filler cap.
- When filling – carefully unscrew the cap to release any overpressure.
Coolant expansion tank, left-hand drive car.
- Screw off the cap in the plastic cover.
- Screw off the cap and top up with coolant if necessary. The coolant level must not exceed the yellow MAX mark inside the expansion tank.
Reinstall the parts in reverse order.
Coolant expansion tank, right-hand drive car.
- Grip the hatch’s handle and lift/jiggle the hatch from the plastic cover.
- Screw off the cap and top up with coolant if necessary. The coolant level must not exceed the yellow MAX mark inside the expansion tank.
Reinstall the parts in reverse order.
Important
- Coolant is harmful to ingest and may cause organ damage.
- Only use coolant of Volvo-approved quality. If concentrated liquid is used, make sure that the ratio is 50 % coolant to 50 % water of approved quality.
- Hard water, and water with a high content of chlorine, chlorides and other salts or contaminants may cause corrosion to the cooling system.
- Do not mix different coolants.
- New coolant must be used to replace all coolant when replacing a large component in the cooling system.
- Only operate the engine when the cooling system is filled to the correct level. When the coolant level is too low, it may lead to overheating, resulting in engine damage.
Engine oil
Only use engine oil of the prescribed quality. This is a requirement in order for the recommended service intervals and warranty to be applicable.
Location of warning decal for the engine compartment. The appearance of the engine compartment may differ depending on model and engine variant. Volvo recommends:
If the engine oil cannot be checked on a regular basis and the level falls too low, there is a risk that this will cause serious damage to the engine.
It is not intended that the decals illustrated in the owner’s manual should be exact replicas of those in the car. They are included to show their approximate appearance and locations in the car. The information that applies to your particular car can be found on the decal on the car.
Important
- In order to fulfil the requirements for the engine’s service intervals all engines are filled with a specially adapted synthetic engine oil at the factory. The choice of oil has been made very carefully with regard to service life, starting characteristics, fuel consumption and environmental impact.
- An approved engine oil must be used in order that the recommended service intervals can be applied. Only use a prescribed grade of oil for both filling and oil change, otherwise there is a risk of the service life, starting characteristics, fuel consumption and environmental impact of the car being affected.
- If engine oil of the prescribed grade and viscosity is not used, engine related components may become damaged. Volvo disclaims any liability for any such damage.
- Volvo recommends that oil changes are carried out at an authorised Volvo workshop.
Symbols for low oil level
Volvo uses different systems to warn about the oil level or low oil pressure. Low oil pressure is indicated by a warning symbol 
in the driver display. Warning or information about the car’s oil level can be indicated by a warning symbol 
in the driver display as well as message texts. Contact a Volvo dealer for more information.
Change the engine oil and oil filter in accordance with the intervals specified in the Service and Warranty Booklet.
Checking and filling with engine oil
The oil level is detected with the electronic oil level sensor.
See oil level in the centre displayThe oil level can be shown in the centre display when the car is started. It should be checked regularly.
- Press
in the centre display. - Select Car status.
- Different types of information about the car can be shown, including oil level.
The system cannot directly detect changes when the oil is filled or drained out. The car must have been driven approx. 30 km (approx. 20 miles) and have been stationary for 5 minutes with the engine switched off and on level ground before the oil level indication is correct.
If the right conditions for measuring the oil level (time after engine shutdown, the car’s inclination, outside temperature, etc.) are not met, then the message No value available will be shown in the centre display. This does not mean that there is something wrong in the car’s systems.
Important
If this symbol is shown then the oil pressure may be too low. Stop the car as quickly as possible and have the car recovered to a workshop – an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.
Fill the engine oil
Filler pipe (Engines with electronic oil level sensor do not have a dipstick.) (The appearance of the engine compartment may differ depending on model and engine variant.)
In some cases, oil may need to be topped up between service intervals. No action with regard to engine oil level needs to be taken until a message is shown in the driver display.
If the message Engine oil level Service required is shown then the oil level may be too high. Visit a workshop – an authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.
Do not spill oil onto the hot exhaust manifold due to the risk of fire.
If a message prompts you to top up the engine oil, only fill with the specified amount. If the level is too high, it may result in operational disruption.
Engine oil – specifications
Engine oil grade and volume for each respective engine alternative can be read in the table. Volvo recommends:
| Engine | Engine code (The engine code, component number and serial number can be found on the engine.) | Volume, incl. oil filter
(litres, approx.) |
Oil grade |
|---|---|---|---|
| B4 | B420T6 | 6.1 | Castrol Edge Professional V 0W-20 or VCC RBS0-2AE 0W-20 |
| B5 | B420T10 | 6.1 | |
| B5 | B420T2 | 6.1 | |
| B5 AWD | D420T2 | 5,6 | |
| B6 AWD | B420T | 6.1 |
Fuses in engine compartment
Among other things, the engine compartment fuses protect functions related to the engine and the brake system.
Special pliers are housed on the inside of the cover to facilitate replacement of tripped fuses. The fuse box also provides space for several spare fuses.
Positions
- Fuse locations are shown on the inside of the cover. Functions and components in the fuse table cover several models and engine alternatives. A fuse description can therefore apply to fewer than those in the table, or be completely missing, depending on how the car is equipped.
- If a position has multiple table values, it is due to variations in equipment level. In which case, follow the value of the fuse being replaced. In the event of doubt – contact a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.
| Function | Ampere | Type | |
|---|---|---|---|
| – | – | Micro | |
| – | – | Micro | |
| Charge pressure module, turbo
Lambda probe group |
15 | Micro | |
| Spark plugs/ignition coils (petrol)
Exhaust sensor group, diesel particulate/nitrous oxides (diesel) |
15 | Micro | |
| Solenoid engine oil pump
Lambda probe group Solenoid air conditioning compressor |
15 | Micro | |
| Oil level and temperature sensors
Glow plug module (diesel) Engine component group 1 (components related to engine function, including turbo/compressor. Contents depend on engine alternative.) |
7,5 | Micro | |
| Engine Control Module (ECM)
Throttle control module Engine component group 2 (components related to engine function, including turbo/compressor. Contents depend on engine alternative.) |
20 | Micro | |
| Engine Control Module (ECM) | 5 | Micro | |
| Fuel evaporation pump (EVAP) | 10 | Micro | |
| Glow plug module (diesel)
Engine component group 3 (components related to engine function, including turbo/compressor and cooling/temperature control of drivetrain. Contents depend on engine alternative.) |
10 | Micro | |
| Control module, spoiler damper
Control module, radiator damper Relay coils power pulse (PowerPulse) (diesel) Switching valve, coolant |
5 | Micro | |
| Coolant pump | 15 | Micro | |
| Engine Control Module (ECM) | 20 | Micro | |
| Starter motor | 40 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Starter motor | Shunt | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Fuel filter heater (diesel) | 30 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Connection actuator 1 | 25 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Calculation unit | 5 | Micro | |
| Spare fuse | 7,5 | Micro | |
| Spare fuse | 10 | Micro | |
| Spare fuse | 15 | Micro | |
| Transmission control module | 20 | Micro | |
| USB port, tunnel console, rear | 7,5 | Micro | |
| 12 V socket, tunnel console, front | 15 | Micro | |
| – | – | Micro | |
| 12 V socket cargo area (Option/accessory.) | 15 | Micro | |
| – | – | Micro | |
| Headlamp, left | 15 | Micro | |
| Headlamp, right | 15 | Micro | |
| Transmission control module | 20 | Micro | |
| Heated windscreen, left (Option/accessory.) | Shunt | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Heated windscreen, left (Option/accessory.) | 40 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Headlamp washers (Option/accessory.) | 25 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Washer fluid pump, front | 25 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Transmission control module
Electric gear selector |
15 | Micro | |
| Horn (honk) | 20 | Micro | |
| Siren (Option/accessory.) | 5 | Micro | |
| Control module, brake system (valves, parking brake)
Control module, brake assistance |
40
30 |
MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Windscreen wipers | 30 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| – | – | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Heated windscreen, right (Option/accessory.) | 40 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Parking heater (Option/accessory.) | 20 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| – | – | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Connection actuator 2 | 25 | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Heated windscreen, right (Option/accessory.) | Shunt | MCase (This type of fuse should be replaced by a workshop. An authorised Volvo workshop is recommended.) | |
| Supplied when the ignition is switched on: Engine control module, Transmission components, Electric steering servo, Central electronic module, Control module brake system | 5 | Micro | |
| Radar, front | 5 | Micro | |
| Headlamp, right | 15 | Micro | |
| Alcohol lock (Option/accessory.) | 5 | Micro | |
| Transmission control module | 10 | Micro | |
| Control module, battery engagement | 5 | Micro | |
| Collision module (SRS) | 5 | Micro | |
| Headlamp, left | 15 | Micro | |
| Accelerator pedal sensor | 5 | Micro |